1 motorola optoelectronics device data
! ! " (600 volts peak) the moc3051 series consists of a gaas infrared led optically coupled to a nonzerocrossing silicon bilateral ac switch (triac). the moc3051 series isolates low voltage logic from 115 and 240 vac lines to provide random phase control of high current triacs or thyristors. the moc3051 series features greatly enhanced s tati c d v/dt c apabilit y t o e nsur e s tabl e s witchin g p erformanc e o f inductive loads. ? t o o r d e r d e v i c e s t h a t a r e t e s t e d a n d m a r k e d p e r v d e 0 8 8 4 r e q u i r e m e n t s , t h e s uf fix ovo must be included at end of part number . vde 0884 is a test option. recommended for 115/240 vac(rms) applications: ? solenoid/valve controls ? solid state relays ? lamp ballasts ? incandescent lamp dimmers ? static ac power switch ? temperature controls ? interfacing microprocessors to 115 and 240 vac ? motor controls peripherals maximum ratings (t a = 25 c unless otherwise noted) rating symbol value unit infrared emitting diode reverse voltage v r 3 volts forward current e continuous i f 60 ma total power dissipation @ t a = 25 c negligible power in triac driver derate above 25 c p d 100 1.33 mw mw/ c output driver offstate output terminal voltage v drm 600 volts peak repetitive surge current (pw = 100 m s, 120 pps) i tsm 1 a total power dissipation @ t a = 25 c derate above 25 c p d 300 4 mw mw/ c total device isolation surge voltage (1) (peak ac voltage, 60 hz, 1 second duration) v iso 7500 vac(pk) total power dissipation @ t a = 25 c derate above 25 c p d 330 4.4 mw mw/ c junction temperature range t j 40 to +100 c ambient operating t emperature range t a 40 to +85 c storage t emperature rang e t stg 40 to +150 c soldering temperature (10 s) t l 260 c 1. isolation surge voltage, v iso , is an internal device dielectric breakdown rating. 1. for this test, pins 1 and 2 are common, and pins 4, 5 and 6 are common. globaloptoisolator ? coupler schematic standard thru hole 1. anode 2. cathode 3. nc 4. main terminal 5. substrate do not connect 6. main terminal 1 2 3 6 5 4 6 1
electrical characteristics (t a = 25 c unless otherwise noted) characteristic symbol min typ max unit input led reverse leakage current (v r = 3 v) i r e 0.05 100 m a forward voltage (i f = 10 ma) v f e 1.15 1.5 volts output detector (i f = 0 unless otherwise noted) peak blocking current, either direction (rated v drm , note 1) @ i ft per device i drm e 10 100 na peak onstate voltage, either direction (i tm = 100 ma peak) v tm e 1.7 2.5 volts critical rate of rise of offstate voltage @ 400 v (refer to test circuit, figure 10) dv/dt static 1000 e e v/ m s coupled led t rigger current, either direction, current required to latch output (main terminal voltage = 3 v, note 2) moc3051 moc3052 i ft e e e e 15 10 ma holding current, either direction i h e 280 e m a 1. t est voltage must be applied within dv/dt rating. 2. all devices are guaranteed to trigger at an i f value less than or equal to max i ft . therefore, recommended operating i f lies between max 2. 15 ma for moc3051, 10 ma for 3052 and absolute max i f (60 ma). 1000 800 600 400 200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 figure 1. led forward voltage versus forward current i f , led forward current (ma) 1000100101 v , f forward voltage (volts) 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 25 c figure 2. onstate characteristics v tm , onstate voltage (volts) i tm , onstate current (ma) 85 c t a = 40 c pulse or dc pulse only typical electrical characteristics t a = 25 c mo c 3 0 5 1 , mo c 3 0 5 2
typical electrical characteristics t a = 25 c figure 3. trigger current versus temperature t a , ambient temperature ( c) 40 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 normalized to t a = 25 c i ft , led trigger current (ma) figure 4. led current required to trigger versus led pulse width pw in , led trigger pulse width ( m s) 1 25 20 15 10 5 0 2 5 10 20 50 100 normalized to: pw in 100 m s i ft , normalized led trigger current figure 5. minimum time for led turnoff to zero cross of ac trailing edge ac sine 0 180 led pw led current led turn off min 200 m s i ft versus temperature (normalized) this graph shows the increase of the trigger current when the device is expected to operate at an ambient temperature below 25 c. multiply the normalized i ft shown on this graph with the data sheet guaranteed i ft . example: t a = 40 c, i ft = 10 ma i ft @ 40 c = 10 ma x 1.4 = 14 ma phase control considerations led trigger current versus pw (normalized) random phase t riac drivers are designed to be phase controllable. they may be triggered at any phase angle with - in the ac sine wave. phase control may be accomplished by an ac line zero cross detector and a variable pulse delay generator which is synchronized to the zero cross detector . the same task can be accomplished by a microprocessor which is synchronized to the ac zero crossing. the phase controlled trigger current may be a very short pulse which saves energy delivered to the input led. led trigger pulse currents shorter than 100 m s must have an increased ampli - tude as shown on figure 4. this graph shows the dependen - cy of the trigger current i ft versus the pulse width t (pw). the reason for the i ft dependency on the pulse width can be seen on the chart delay t(d) versus the led trigger current. i ft in the graph i ft versus (pw) is normalized in respect to the minimum specified i ft for static condition, which is speci - fied in the device characteristic. the normalized i ft has to be multiplied with the devices guaranteed static trigger current. example: guaranteed i ft = 10 ma, trigger pulse width pw = 3 m s i ft (pulsed) = 10 ma x 5 = 50 ma minimum led off time in phase control applications in p has e c ontrol a pplication s o n e i ntend s t o b e a bl e t o control each ac sine half wave from 0 to 180 degrees. t urn on at zero degrees means full power and turn on at 180 de - gree means zero power . this is not quite possible in reality because triac driver and triac have a fixed turn on time when activated at zero degrees. at a phase control angle close to 180 degrees the driver' s turn on pulse at the trailing edge of the ac sine wave must be limited to end 200 m s before ac zero cross as shown in figure 5. this assures that the triac driver has time to switch of f. shorter times may cause loss of control at the following half cycle. mo c 3 0 5 1 , mo c 3 0 5 2
figure 6. holding current, i h versus temperature t a , ambient temperature ( c) 40 1 0.9 0 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 i h , holding current (ma) 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 figure 7. leakage current, i drm versus temperature t a , ambient temperature ( c) 40 100 1 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 10 i drm , leakage current (na) typical electrical characteristics t a = 25 c figure 8. ed trigger current, i ft , versus dv/dt dv/dt (v/ m s) 0.001 1.5 0.5 10000 normalized to: i ft at 3 v i ft , led trigger current (normalized) 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 i ft versus dv/dt triac drivers with good noise immunity (dv/dt static) have internal noise rejection circuits which prevent false triggering of the device in the event of fast raising line voltage tran - sients . i nductiv e l oad s g enerat e a c ommutating d v/dt t hat may activate the triac drivers noise suppression circuits. this prevents the device from turning on at its specified trigger current. it will in this case go into the mode of ahalf wavingo of the load. half waving of the load may destroy the power triac and the load. figure 8 shows the dependency of the triac drivers i ft ver - sus the reapplied voltage rise with a vp of 400 v . this dv/dt condition simulates a worst case commutating dv/dt ampli - tude. it can be seen that the i ft does not change until a commu - tating dv/dt reaches 1000 v/ m s. practical loads generate a commutating dv/dt of less than 50 v/ m s. the data sheet spe- cified i ft i s t herefor e a pplicabl e f o r a l l p ractica l i nductive loads and load factors. mo c 3 0 5 1 , mo c 3 0 5 2
typical electrical characteristics t a = 25 c figure 9. delay time, t(d), and fall time, t(f), versus led trigger current i ft , led trigger current (ma) 100 0.1 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 t(delay) and t(fall) ( s) m 1 t(f) t(d) t(delay), t(f) versus i ft the triac driver ' s turn on switching speed consists of a turn on delay time t(d) and a fall time t(f). figure 9 shows that the delay time depends on the led trigger current, while the ac- tual trigger transition time t(f) stays constant with about one micro second. the delay time is important in very short pulsed operation because it demands a higher trigger current at very short trig - ger pulses. this dependency is shown in the graph i ft ver- sus led pw. the turn on transition time t(f) combined with the power triac's turn on time is important to the power dissipation of this device. switching time test circuit 1. the mercury wetted relay provides a high speed repeated pulse to the d.u.t. 2. 100x scope probes are used, to allow high speeds and voltages. 3. the worstcase condition for static dv/dt is established by triggering the d.u.t. with a normal led input current, then removing the current. the variable r test allows the dv/dt to be gradually increased until the d.u.t . continues to trigger in response to the applied voltage pulse, even after the led current has been removed. the dv/dt is then decreased until the d.u.t . stops triggering. t rc is measured at this point and recorded. figure 10. static dv/dt test circuit +400 vdc pulse input r test c test r = 1 k w mercury wetted relay d.u.t. x100 scope probe applied voltage waveform v max = 400 v dv/dt = 0.63 v max t rc 252 t rc = t rc 252 v 0 volts scope i ft v tm t(d) t(f) zero cross detector ext. sync v out function generator phase ctrl. pw ctrl. period ctrl. v o ampl. ctrl. i ft v tm 10 k w dut 100 w isol. transf. ac 115 vac mo c 3 0 5 1 , mo c 3 0 5 2
applications guide basic triac driver circuit the new random phase triac driver family moc3052 and moc3051 a r e v er y i mmun e t o s tati c d v/d t w hic h a llows snubberless o peration s i n a l l a pplication s w her e e xternal generated noise in the ac line is below its guaranteed dv/dt withstand capability. for these applications a snubber circuit is n o t n ecessar y w he n a n ois e i nsensitiv e p owe r t ria c i s used. figure 11 shows the circuit diagram. the triac driver is directly connected to the triac main terminal 2 and a series resistor r which limits the current to the triac driver. current limiting resistor r must have a minimum value which restricts the current into the driver to maximum 1a. r = vp ac/i tm max rep. = vp ac/1a the power dissipation of this current limiting resistor and the triac driver is very small because the power triac carries the load current as soon as the current through driver and current l imitin g r esisto r r eache s t h e t rigge r c urren t o f t he power triac. the switching transition times for the driver is only one micro second and for power triacs typical four micro seconds. triac driver circuit for noisy environments when the transient rate of rise and amplitude are expected to exceed the power triacs and triac drivers maximum ratings a snubber circuit as shown in figure 12 is recommended. fast transients are slowed by the rc snubber and exces - sive amplitudes are clipped by the metal oxide v aristor mov. triac driver circuit for extremely noisy environments, as specified in the noise standards ieee472 and iec2554. industrial control applications do specify a maximum tran- sient noise dv/dt and peak voltage which is superimposed onto the ac line voltage. in order to pass this environment noise test a modified snubber network as shown in figure 13 is recommended. figure 11. basic driver circuit figure 12. triac driver circuit for noisy environments figure 13. triac driver circuit for extremely noisy environments v cc ret. r led triac driver power triac ac line load r q control r triac driver power triac r led v cc ret. control r s c s mov load ac line r triac driver power triac r s c s mov load ac line v cc ret. control r led r led = (v cc v f led v sat q)/i ft r = v p ac line/i tsm typical snubber values r s = 33 w , c s = 0.01 m f mov ( meta l o xid e v aristor ) p rotect s t ria c a nd driver from transient overvoltages >v drm max. recommended snubber to pass ieee472 and iec2554 noise tests r s = 47 w, c s = 0.01 mf mo c 3 0 5 1 , mo c 3 0 5 2
package dimensions thru hole notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: inch. 3. dimension l to center of lead when formed parallel. style 6: pin 1. anode 2. cathode 3. nc 4. main terminal 5. substrate 6. main terminal 6 4 1 3 a b seating plane t 4 pl f k c n g 6 pl d 6 pl e m a m 0.13 (0.005) b m t l m 6 pl j m b m 0.13 (0.005) a m t dim min max min max millimetersinches a 0.320 0.350 8.13 8.89 b 0.240 0.260 6.10 6.60 c 0.115 0.200 2.93 5.08 d 0.016 0.020 0.41 0.50 e 0.040 0.070 1.02 1.77 f 0.010 0.014 0.25 0.36 g 0.100 bsc 2.54 bsc j 0.008 0.012 0.21 0.30 k 0.100 0.150 2.54 3.81 l 0.300 bsc 7.62 bsc m 0 15 0 15 n 0.015 0.100 0.38 2.54 s urface mount a b seating plane t j k l 6 pl m b m 0.13 (0.005) a m t c d 6 pl m a m 0.13 (0.005) b m t h g e 6 pl f 4 pl 31 46 notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: inch. dim min max min max millimetersinches a 0.320 0.350 8.13 8.89 b 0.240 0.260 6.10 6.60 c 0.115 0.200 2.93 5.08 d 0.016 0.020 0.41 0.50 e 0.040 0.070 1.02 1.77 f 0.010 0.014 0.25 0.36 g 0.100 bsc 2.54 bsc h 0.020 0.025 0.51 0.63 j 0.008 0.012 0.20 0.30 k 0.006 0.035 0.16 0.88 l 0.320 bsc 8.13 bsc s 0.332 0.390 8.43 9.90 mo c 3 0 5 1 , mo c 3 0 5 2
notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: inch. 3. dimension l to center of lead when formed parallel. 0 .4 " l ea d s pa ci n g 6 4 1 3 a b n c k g f 4 pl seating d 6 pl e 6 pl plane t m a m 0.13 (0.005) b m t l j dim min max min max millimetersinches a 0.320 0.350 8.13 8.89 b 0.240 0.260 6.10 6.60 c 0.115 0.200 2.93 5.08 d 0.016 0.020 0.41 0.50 e 0.040 0.070 1.02 1.77 f 0.010 0.014 0.25 0.36 g 0.100 bsc 2.54 bsc j 0.008 0.012 0.21 0.30 k 0.100 0.150 2.54 3.81 l 0.400 0.425 10.16 10.80 n 0.015 0.040 0.38 1.02 mo c 3 051, moc3052
life support policy fairchilds products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of the president of fairchild semiconductor corporation. as used herein: 1. life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of the user. 2. a critical component in any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. disclaimer fairchild semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein to improve reliability, function or design. fairchild does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights, nor the rights of others. www.fairchildsemi.com ? 2000 fairchild semiconductor corporation
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